On 12 December 2015, the participating 195 countries at the 2015 United Nations Climate Change Conference agreed, by consensus (the Paris Agreement) to reduce emissions as part of the method for reducing greenhouse gas. To achieve this the individual signatories to the Agreement will identify "nationally determined contributions" that are "ambitious" and set "with the view to achieving the purpose of this Agreement". Carbon dioxide (CO2) is the main greenhouse gas responsible for the climate change all over the world so how to reduce CO2 emissions is a main agenda in many countries and has received substantial research attention.
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